A maidservant like Hagar? Black History and its Prophecy of the Races at the lineage of the female. Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary - Keturah, International Standard Bible Encyclopedia - Keturah. Copyright 2023, Bible Study Tools. Multi-Version Concordance Ketu'rah (4 Occurrences). What we do know is that Keturah became to mother of six Abrahamic sons, one of whom, Midian, became a nation that both rivaled Israel and became one of the most dominant tributaries to its theology and social structure. [5][6][7] This interpretation is set forth in the Midrash[8] and is supported by Rashi, Gur Aryeh, Keli Yakar, and Obadiah of Bertinoro. The sons of Jokshan: Sheba, and Dedan. The Identity of the Kushite Woman (see the book Ethiopia the classic case pg.47). Where in the Bible did Abraham marry Keturah? - Knowledgemax 47:19), then . [3] Rashbam and Chizkuni suggest that it is a reference to Keturah and Hagar, but this doesnt work well either. First, whether the spelling is defective or plene should make no difference in meaning. do not hold females in high regard. When Isaac blessed Jacob, he tells him (Gen. 27:29): Let peoples serve you, and nations bow to you; these nations are the offspring of Ishmael and of Keturah (Gen. Rabbah 66:4). A late midrash relates that Abraham built for Keturahs offspring a city surrounded by a high iron wall, and brought them inside. established Egypt, referred to in Psalms 105 and 106 refer to as the land of /hebrew/3370.htm - 6k, 6989. Get Your Bible Minute in Your Inbox Every Morning, incense, the wife of Abraham, whom he married probably after Sarah's death ( Genesis 25:1-6 ), by whom he had six sons, whom he sent away into the east country. It is not improbable that, as some writers have suggested, this change in the life of his son prompted Abraham to remarry in order to overcome the feeling of lonesomeness caused by Isaac's entering the state of matrimony. It is not improbable that, as some writers have suggested, this change in the life of his son prompted Abraham to remarry in order to overcome the feeling of lonesomeness caused by Isaac's entering the state of matrimony. Is she a local Canaanite woman? Shalvi/Hyman Encyclopedia of Jewish Women. Both Genesis and First Chronicles record that Keturah bore Abraham six sons: Zimran, Jokshan, Medan, Midian, Ishbak, and Shuah. KETURAH, THE THIRD WIFE OF ABRAHAM Much has been made about young women marrying old men for their money, fame, and fortune. If they defeat me, then say: You have bested the commoner among us; and if I defeat them, tell them: The Torah of our teacher Moses has defeated you. They authorized him, and he went and disputed with the offspring of Keturah and of Ishmael. The Rabbis further learn from Abraham that even if a man has children while he is young, he should still take another wife in his old age and beget further offspring (Gen. Rabbah 61:3). An epic about the American Civil War (1861-65) and the . Noun (miqtar) describes a place of sacrificial smoke, (miqteret) means censer and (meqattera) means incense altar. Episode 91: Israel at 75: Voices of Protest. In context, one might suggest that Abraham was simply lonely after Sarahs death. Keturah - Baby Name Meaning, Origin, and Popularity | Nameberry Concerning Sarah Abraham's Wife; And How She Ended Her Days. Int. This pattern is especially clear in the Table of Nations in Genesis 10, which explains geographical proximity and ethnic similarity through family relationships.[7]. . /hebrew/28.htm - 6k, 2175. Int. "[22], Schloen, J. David. Abigail, the wife of Nabal of Carmel, is the only woman in the Hebrew Bible who is described as both intelligent and beautiful. The Ishmaelites who were settled in the north of the Arabian peninsula, the descendants of Keturah who colonised Midian and the western coast, were also his //sayce/early israel and the surrounding nations/chapter i the israelites.htm, Chapter xxv the life of Jacob and Esau. Concubines seem to have been wives acquired through slavery or else as payment of a debt; however, this made them no less legitimate than free-born wives. Though she is called a "concubine," this may have been to distinguish her sons as well as Ishmael from Isaac the son of promise, Genesis 25:6; 1 Chronicles 1:32; Galatians 4:22,30. Before moving on, it should be mentioned that Keturah is called Abraham's concubine, not his full wife (Genesis 25:6, I Chronicles 1:32). The Rabbis present this as a lesson in proper conduct: if a mans wife dies, and he has grown children, he should first see that they are married before himself taking a new wife (Gen. Rabbah 60:16). Christian Truth. The Rabbis stress that the subjugation of the children of Keturah to Israel is eternal. Gen. 26 lists the six children that Keturah bore to Abraham: Zimran, Jokshan, Medan, Midian, Ishbak, and Shuah, to which the midrash applies the verse (Ps. The Torah introduces Keturah as an , wife (Gen 25:1), and yet the same passage also refers to Abrahams concubines and their children: Who are these concubines? 31 December 1999. Why do women seem to have a small role in the Bible. General Editor. Muslim exegesis states that Sarah asked Abraham to marry her Egyptian handmaiden Hagar because she herself was barren. that they shall say, This is his wife: and they will kill me, but they will save In Jubillees 19:11 it says, And Abraham took to himself a third wife, and her name was Keturah, from among the daughters of his household servants. Although Jubillees is only a historical record, not part of the cannon of scripture, the information is worth considering if it agrees with the Bible.Apr 6, 2019. half sister, who was also a descendant of Shem. [6], Keturah is mentioned in two passages of the Hebrew Bible: in the Book of Genesis,[2] and also in the First Book of Chronicles. The first unit identifies the six descendants of Abraham through Keturah. It is available as both book and ebook. And why the circumlocution, why not mention the womens namesunless the implication is that Abraham had many concubines, not just them (or not them at all.). Int. First Chronicles 1:32 refers to Keturah as Abraham's concubine, so there is some debate as to the exact nature of their relationship. "The Birth of A Nation" opens, glorifying the KKK - History Who was Abrahams second wife Keturah? cousins. (Gen. 12:15-16) Abraham later fathered a son by one of these African maidens, Yishbaq. God tells Abraham to do as Sarah wishes, so he sends Hagar and Ishmael into the desert with only meager food and water. What Does Keturah Mean? Bible Definition and References - Bible Study Tools (1 Chron. He went and brought him Keturah. "Caravans, Kenites, and Casus Belli: Enmity and Alliance in the Song of Deborah. She is "of good sense and beautiful in looks," while he is "hard and evil in his deeds" (v. 3). from Hebrew University in Jewish History (biblical period), as well as ordination (yoreh yoreh) and advanced ordination (yadin yadin) from Yeshivat Chovevei Torah (YCT) Rabbinical School. Placing the Keturah account after the birth of Isaac but before Sarahs death would not have worked either. Some 13 years later, however, Sarah conceived Isaac, with whom God established his covenant. In other words, Abraham married (and had children) from the three families of Noah. Proud member Keturah - Lockyer's All the Women of the Bible - Bible Gateway Abraham And Keturah Family Tree You Will Like These Detail A different story has Isaac initiating his fathers marriage. Even as in biblical times, Shemitic countries today Moses therefore fled from Egypt, and arrived in Midian. She is styled "Abraham's concubine" ( 1 Chronicles 1:32 ). These offspring express the fulfillment of the blessing given by God to Abraham in Gen. 12:3: and all the families of the earth shall bless themselves by you, for thirty families came from Abraham: the twelve chieftains from Ishmael, the sixteen descendants of Keturah, and (Gen. 25:23) two nations are in your womb (Tanhuma [ed. He is called "the Shuhite," probably as belonging to Shuah, a district in Arabia, in which Shuah, the sixth son of Abraham by Keturah, settled ( Genesis 25:2).He took part in each of the three controversies into which Job's friends entered with him ( Job 8:1; 18:1; 25:1), and delivered three speeches, very severe and stern in their tone . His full legacy both spiritual and material continued with Isaac. fa: If the mention of Keturah had been placed early in the Abraham narrative, his complaints about having no heir would have been false, and there would have been no need for him to father Ishmael with Hagar. 6. Rabbi Zev Farber Whatever the reason, the Torahs total silence concerning any details about her makes this midrashic leap possible. Abraham and his beautiful wife Sarai wandered the Who is this Keturah and what was the significance of her marriage to Abraham? ISHBAK. Rashi, ibid. Though the Torah describes them separately, the rabbis often identify Keturah with Hagar, who they state came back to remarry Abraham after Sarahs death. [15], However, this idea was rejected by another rabbi in Genesis Rabbah,[12] as well as by traditional commentators such as Ibn Ezra, Nahmanides, and Rashbam. Perhaps they could not picture Abraham taking a new wife at his advanced ageaccording to the Genesis chronology, he would be 140 at the time of this marriagebut were more comfortable with him reverting to a woman with whom he once lived. remarkable, for she was in her mid 60s and late 80s when these events Keturah - Blacks in The Bible see HEBREW yada'. Keturah: Midrash and Aggadah | Jewish Women's Archive Say, I pray thee, thou art my sister: that it may be well with Dr. script>. 33:2). Three camels, one of which is the beast of burden. Ibid. that, when Abram was come into Egypt, the Egyptians beheld the woman that she Therefore, the editor made the only choice available to him: he put the Keturah account after the death of Sarah.[8]. Shuach -- a son of Abraham and Keturah. 7743, 7744. NOBSE Study Bible Name List and Jones' Dictionary of Old Testament Proper Names agree: the name Keturah means Incense.. What may not be immediately obvious to the modern reader is that the name Keturah demonstrates a very high level of governance and social sophistication, namely the idea that a healthy society is not healthy because the government suppresses what it perceives as bad or . /hebrew/4091.htm - 6k, 3370. > Abraham had all these when he remarried after the death of his wife Sarah. In opposition to the view that the offspring of Keturah were the realization of the Lords promise to Abraham, another approach presents them as perpetually menacing Israel. /m/medan.htm - 7k, Abida (2 Occurrences) Or Abi'dah, father of knowledge; knowing, one of the five sons of Midian, who was the son of Abraham by Keturah (1 Chronicles 1:33), and apparently the chief /a/abida.htm - 7k, Zimran (2 Occurrences) Easton's Bible Dictionary Vine-dressers; celebrated, one of the sons of Abraham by Keturah (Genesis 25:2). Keturah Easton's Bible Dictionary - Keturah Keturah [N] [H] [S] incense, the wife of Abraham, whom he married probably after Sarah's death ( Genesis 25:1-6 ), by whom he had six sons, whom he sent away into the east country. Who Was Keturah and Why Did Abraham Marry Her? - Chabad Praises to Saint Gerard Majella are often said by those who seek the intercession of his saintly majesty to address specific issues or general blessings. (Genesis 25:20) So, Abraham was about 140 years old. menservants, and maidservants, and she asses, and camels. Standard Bible Encyclopedia. In addition, in the days to come Abraham will be ashamed of Ishmael and the offspring of Keturah, as portrayed in Isa. /z/zimran.htm - 8k, Jokshan (3 Occurrences) Easton's Bible Dictionary Snarer, the second son of Abraham and Keturah (Genesis 25:2, 3; 1 Chronicles 1:32). Standard Bible Encyclopedia. According to the Book of Genesis, Abraham married Keturah after the death of his first wife, Sarah. I or The Complete Works of Biblical Others believe that this opinion in the Midrash should not be taken literally and Keturah was a different woman, no doubt much younger. Yoqshan. Abraham and Keturah had six sons. It was the longest and most-profitable film then produced and the most artistically advanced film of its day. Pharaoh: and the woman was taken into Pharaoh's house. Another tradition identifies Keturah with Hagar, and thus Abraham married only twice. Reply, Sons of Keturah and Abraham The Family Tree of Abraham is found in the Book of Genesis along with his life story. Keturah - Wikipedia (Beyond that, Midian had a more checkered history. [5][13] Possible justifications for this opinion include the fact that Keturah is referred to 1 Chronicles 1:32 as Abraham's concubine (in the singular),[14] and several other verses which suggest that the descendants of Hagar and Keturah lived in the same territory or formed a single ethnic group. were not from Ishmaels line at all, but existed prior to Abraham, much less his Order Blacks in the Bible Vol. | GotQuestions.org. (WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS YLT NAS NIV), Genesis 25:4The sons of Midian: Ephah, Epher, Hanoch, Abida, and Eldaah. Keturah's sons were said to have represented the Arab tribes who lived south and east of Israel (Genesis 25:1-6). Who is she? Help us elevate the voices of Jewish women. 4. But instead, as the customs of the time permitted, Sarah gave her female servant Hagar to Abraham as a concubine or secondary wife. And they reply: he gave them the name of impurity. This apparently means that he taught them the secrets of sorcery, a characteristic occupation of the non-Jews, which distinguishes them from Israel (BT Sanhedrin 91a). upon: Therefore it shall come to pass, when the Egyptians shall see thee, Keturah is referred to in Genesis as "another wife" of Abraham[2] (Hebrew: .mw-parser-output .script-hebrew,.mw-parser-output .script-Hebr{font-family:"SBL Hebrew","SBL BibLit","Taamey Ashkenaz","Taamey Frank CLM","Frank Ruehl CLM","Ezra SIL","Ezra SIL SR","Keter Aram Tsova","Taamey David CLM","Keter YG","Shofar","David CLM","Hadasim CLM","Simple CLM","Nachlieli",Cardo,Alef,"Noto Serif Hebrew","Noto Sans Hebrew","David Libre",David,"Times New Roman",Gisha,Arial,FreeSerif,FreeSans} Translit. [19] According to the Judean authors Josephus and Cleodemus Malchus, Punic people were descended from Epher, grandson of Abraham and Keturah. In Genesis 15 we read about Abrahams doubts and concerns. Transliteration: Yishbaq Phonetic Spelling: (yish-bawk') Short Definition: Ishbak. In its portrayal of the Civil War, the film presents a shining view of the Confederacy. Her nationality is unknown. Each of these views finds Scriptural support for its position: the three-wife opinion relies on Gen. 25:1: Abraham took another wife, implying a third wife in addition to the first two. The Midrash Yalkut Shimoni (Job, Remez 904) has a fascinating take on the three wives of Abraham: "Sarah was the daughter of Shem, Keturah was the daughter of Japheth, and Hagar was the daughter of Ham.". Moses' Black-Skinned Wife: What Does the Torah Think of Her? Abrahams Black Concubine and Second Wife. a son of Abraham and Keturah. It is probably also for this reason that the sons of Abraham's concubines were separated from Isaac. Book XVI. JOKSHAN. He holds a Ph.D. from Emory University in Jewish Religious Cultures and Hebrew Bible, an M.A. Therefore, the Arabs of Islam call Abigail: Bible | Jewish Women's Archive // Javascript URL redirection According to the Book of Genesis, Abraham married Keturah after the death of his first wife, Sarah. (Egypt). a son of Abraham and Keturah. What Does Bildad Mean? Bible Definition and References thee alive. [2][3] The Book of Genesis records that Abraham gave them gifts and sent them to the East, while making Isaac son of Sarah his primary heir. She indeed was entangled with her husband, Abraham. And he entreated Topical Bible: Keturah | GotQuestions.org, How many wives did Abraham have? Courtesy ofWikimedia Commons. If this verse is referring to Keturah, why is the word plural,[2] and why does the terminology switch from wife (ishah) to concubine (pilegesh)? The princes also of Pharaoh saw her, and commended her before [3] Additionally, she is mentioned in Antiquities of the Jews by the 1st-century Romano-Jewish historian Josephus,[7] in the Talmud, the Midrash, the Targum on the Torah, the Genesis Rabbah, and various other writings of Jewish theologians and philosophers. Yoqshan -- a son of Abraham and Keturah 3369, 3370. The Rabbis describe her as a woman of virtue, for which she was worthy of being joined to Abraham. Although the miracle of Abraham and Sarah bearing a child when they were 100 and 90 was quite emphasized in the Torah (Gen. 18:12, 21:7), no doubt once Abraham regained his vigor, it remained with him for some time to come (Haamek Davar). The wife of Abraham, after the death of Sarah, Genesis 25:1-6. [1], Keturah is referred to as "Abraham's concubine" in the Bible,[2] probably to indicate that she was not considered to be of the same dignity as Sarah, the mother of the "chosen son", Isaac. And Ishmael and his sons, and the sons of Keturah and their sons, went together and dwelt from Paran to the entering in of Babylon in all the land which is towards the East facing the desert. a wife of Abraham. He is the author of Images of Joshua in the Bible and their Reception (De Gruyter 2016) and editor (with Jacob L. Wright) of Archaeology and History of Eighth Century Judah (SBL 2018). Chronicles, a late biblical book that knows and integrates traditions from the Torah and other earlier material now found in the Tanakh, resolves this problem by calling Keturah a concubine from the start: , The sons of Keturah, Abrahams concubine (1 Chr 1:32). Keturah - King James Bible Online Radak comes very close to seeing the redaction critical point. Keturah was one of Abraham's wives. According to the Biblical tradition, he contracted this second marriage after the death of Sarah (compare Genesis 23), and very likely after the marriage of Isaac (compare Genesis 24). Chapter 34. There have been quite a few revolutions and uprisings in the world, and although critics love to blame religion and differences in opinion, the main reason why people revolt is because their liberties are curtailed to the point that their lives aren't livable. From zamar; musical; Zimran, a son of Abraham by Keturah -- Zimran. One of the most important and influential men in the Old Testament is Abraham, affectionately called father by three major religions of the world. Transliteration: Yoqshan Phonetic Spelling: (yok-shawn') Short Definition: Jokshan. (1 Chron. The appearance of another wife and children during the lifetime of Sarah would have been narratively impossible. Abraham and his beautiful wife Sarai wandered the deserts of Africa, Asia, and Arabia in search of a city "whose builder and maker was God" Himself. The Rabbis describe her as a woman of virtue, for which she was worthy of being joined to Abraham. [5] The medieval Jewish commentator Rashi, and some previous rabbinical commentators, related a traditional belief that Keturah was the same person as Hagar, although this idea cannot be found in the biblical text. 1 Chronicles 4:11. This school of thought is further bolstered by the fact that this wife also had a different name (Keturah); in addition, the plural wording of Gen. 25:6 (to Abrahams sons by concubines) conveys that Abraham had at least two wives in addition to Sarah. After sending her and Ishmael out of the house (21:14), he sent back for her as she remained righteous all throughout the years. 1Chronicles 1:32 (and also Genesis 25:6) shows us that Keturah was not considered to be of the same dignity as Sarah who, indeed, was the mother of the son of promise, and, for obvious reasons, the sons of Abraham's concubines were separated from Isaac. (WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS YLT NAS NIV), International Standard Bible Encyclopedia, 3912. Abida -- "my father took knowledge," a son of Midian, How the Nation of the Troglodytes were Derived from Abraham by, Of the Change of Name in Abraham and Sarah, who Received the Gift, (WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS YLT NAS NIV), Who was Keturah in the Bible? All of Keturahs sons were the heads of nations (Gen. Rabbah 61:5). How The Nation Of The Troglodytes Were Derived From Abraham By Keturah. In 2007 he joined Aish Hatorah NY as a Programs Director, managing their Yeshiva in Passaic and serving as a rabbi in their Executive Learning program. 1:17-27, Gen. 20:12) You need to understand Dont miss the latest essays from TheTorah.com. The story centers on two families, the southern Camerons and the northern Stonemans. Genesis 25:1 And Abraham took another wife, and her name was Keturah/k/ketu'rah.htm - 7k, Epher (4 Occurrences) Easton's Bible Dictionary A calf. Hagar - Wikipedia Midyan -- a son of Abraham and Keturah, also his desc. An additional explanation gives this word the meaning of binding or sealing (keshurah). A Parasha Pregnant with the Past, Present and Future of Israels Protagonists, Abraham and Lots Bedouin-Style Hospitality, The Song of the Sea and the History of Ancient Israel and Judah, Manassehs Genealogies: Why They Change Between Numbers, Joshua, and Chronicles,, Decoding the Table of Nations: Reading it as a Map,. Hebrew Women in Egypt: Midrash and Aggadah, The Shalvi/Hyman Encyclopedia of Jewish Women, Copyright 19982023, Jewish Women's Archive. The name Keturah comes from the verb (qatar) meaning to produce pleasant smoke: The verb (qatar) probably originally meant to rise up but came to denote the rising up of sacrificial smoke, which in turn commonly marked celebrations and surplus, and smelled pleasant after roasts or incense. We encounter the usual idiom: "he added //christianbookshelf.org/leupold/exposition of genesis volume 1/chapter xxv.htm, A Prince's Bride Let Momus look to the baggage. She was the mother of 6 sons representing Arab tribes South and East of Palestine (Genesis 25:1-6), so that through the offspring of Keturah Abraham became "the father of many nations.". With her extremely jealous reaction to Hagar and Ishmael, would Sarah really have countenanced another rival? She "is styled "Abraham's concubine" (1 Chr. This tradition is based on Gen. 24:62: Isaac had just come back from the vicinity of Beer-la-hai-roihe brought back with him Hagar, who had been at Beer-la-hai-roi, and had also given this place its name, as is related in Gen. 16:14 (Tanhuma, Hayyei Sarah 8). While the Israelites / Hebrews were captives in Egypt, Moses killed an Egyptian who was striking a Hebrew, for which offense Pharaoh sought to kill Moses. Keturah | The amazing name Keturah: meaning and etymology The Birth of a Nation | Encyclopedia.com Second, the wifes new name of Keturah does not necessarily teach that this was a different woman; rather, it was a name given to Hagar in recognition of her good qualities (see below). : 'ih Translated: woman, wife[10]). One of the sons of Midian, who was Abraham's son by Keturah (Genesis 25:4). However, it seems apparent that the two of them were monogamous and that she did not bear him any children until after Sarah's death. In the chain of tradition, they were followed by the amora'im.Tannaim disagree regarding Keturahs identity. 4081 . Through the" "offshoots of the Keturah line Abraham became the "father of many" "nations." Rabbi Zev Farber is the Senior Editor of TheTorah.com, and a Research Fellow at the Shalom Hartman Institute's Kogod Center. The offspring of Keturah and of Ishmael came before Alexander and argued against Israel: The Land of IsraelErez Israel belongs to us and to you, for we also are the children of Abraham! Gebiha ben Pesisa came and said to the Rabbis: Grant me permission, and I will go and plead against them before Alexander the Great. Thus, even though Abraham sent Hagar forth and she wandered in the wilderness, when he brought her back she remained chaste and no other man had known her, for which she was known as Keturah (Gen. Rabbah 61:4). Her nationality is unknown. 2. (The Midrash offers different reasons why she was given an alternate name here such as that it reflected her righteousness that her deeds were as aromatic as incense (ketoret).). They were not Israelites, but wild Arabs, a branch of the Kenite tribe, which claimed"at least its chiefs"to be descended from Abraham, by his wife Keturah //kingsley/discipline and other sermons/sermon vi false civilization.htm, Ketu'rah (4 Occurrences)Ketu'rah. Even as in biblical times, Shemitic countries today Is the Arab nation descended from Ishmael? - Christian Broadcasting Network [21], According to the Bah author John Able, Bahs consider their founder, Bah'u'llh, to have been "descended doubly, from both Abraham and Sarah, and separately from Abraham and Keturah. The difference between (a) selective distribution of food and merriment to one's favored customer or project and (b) unselective distribution to everyone around is the same difference between the generosity of modern philanthropy and that of God: the former "gives" only to whatever endeavor makes the giver stronger, whereas God gives to all people without discrimination (Matthew 5:45, Joel 2:28), and allows everybody to grow into whatever they can and sort their stuff out by their own authority and responsibility.